ResearchIndex: Kaleidoscope: A Constraint Imperative Programming Language  
   The Constraint Imperative Programming CIP family of languages integrates constraints and imperative, object oriented programming. Besides merging useful features of both paradigms, such integration has synergistic effects.
   http://citeseer.nj.nec.com/lopez93kaleidoscope.html

Guide to Constraint Programming  
   Online tutorial/textbook for beginners to the area of constraint programming. This area is of the set of less known software technologies, but is evolving rapidly and has a growing, significant commercial interest.
   http://ktiml.mff.cuni.cz/~bartak/constraints/

University of Essex: Constraint Programming Group  
   Several very interesting projects: GENET; Guided Local Search, GLS; Guided Genetic Algorithm, GLS; Adaptive Constraint Satisfaction, ACS; Computer-Aided Constraint-Programming, CACP.
   http://cswww.essex.ac.uk/CSP/

Explanation-based constraint programming  
   Definitions, applications, libraries, links.
   http://www.e-constraints.net/

DeltaBlue Constraint Solver  
   Efficient, incremental local propagation constraint solver. Like most local propagation algorithms, it cannot accommodate cyclic constraints. University of Washington site.
   http://www.cs.washington.edu/research/constraints/deltablue/

DeltaBlue code archive  
   For incremental dataflow constraint solver, implemented in varied languages, each in a subdirectory named after the language: C DEC, C SUN4; Common Lisp, Smalltalk.
   ftp://ftp.cs.washington.edu/pub/constraints/code/DeltaBlue/

University of Washington: Constraint-Based Systems  
   Constraints research group, Department of Computer Science and Engineering. Home of DeltaBlue, Cassowary. Neat constraint Java Applet demonstrates a theorem about quadrilaterals.
   http://www.cs.washington.edu/research/constraints/

Book: Programming with Constraints: an Introduction  
   Description of book, MIT Press, release March 1998: programs from book, slides for courses for use with book.
   http://www.cs.mu.oz.au/~pjs/book/book.html

Book: Foundations of Constraint Satisfaction  
   Description of book, Academic Press, release 1993: programs from book.
   http://cswww.essex.ac.uk/CSP/edward/FCS.html

Brandeis Interval Arithmetic Constraint Solver  
   Java applet that solves non-linear real arithmetic constraints.
   http://www.cs.brandeis.edu/~tim/Applets/IAsolver.html

Koalog Constraint Solver  
   Java library for constraint programming. It provides technology for solving satisfaction and optimization problems including: scheduling, planning, routing, time tabling, resource allocation, configuration and many others. KCS includes a solver on bool
   http://www.koalog.com/php/jcs.php

ILOG Solver  
   ILOG's constraint-programming optimization engine, providing cutting-edge optimization technology and an optimization library for workforce scheduling, league scheduling, sequencing, configuration, dispatching and resource-allocation applications with log
   http://www.ilog.com/products/solver/

Graph Theory and Constraint Programming  
   University course: definitions, lecture notes, books, language descriptions, links.
   http://www.cs.adfa.edu.au/~gtc/GTC/

Automated Construction of Virtual Worlds Using Modeling Constraints  
   Designing and specifying 3D scenes is a tedious, time consuming process that often degenerates into trial and error. We propose a new way to form virtual worlds based on geometric modeling constraints and higher-level modeling abstractions.
   http://www.student.seas.gwu.edu/~rohrer/auto-modeling-report

Garnet Project  
   Generating an Amalgam of Real-time, Novel Editors and Toolkits; developed by User Interface Software Group, Human Computer Interaction Institute, School of Computer Science, Carnegie Mellon University. Free: public domain.
   http://www-2.cs.cmu.edu/~garnet/

Advanced Constraint Techniques for User Interface Implementation  
   Project to develop and explore using advanced constraint methods to make user interface software. Constraints as a general computational technique allow declaring a set of relationships between entities. A constraint satisfaction system is employed to aut
   http://cslu.cse.ogi.edu/nsf/isgw97/reports/hudson.html

Natural Programming  
   Attempt to make a system that is easier to learn and use than anything available to novice programmers today: HANDS: Human-centered Advances for Novice Development of Software. School of Computer Science, Carnegie Mellon University; NSF funded.
   http://www-2.cs.cmu.edu/~NatProg/

Garnet: Multi-Garnet: Integrating Multi-Way Constraints with Garnet  
   ResearchIndex: Constraints provide a useful mechanism to maintain relations in user interface toolkits. Garnet is a widely used user interface toolkit with high functionality, based on one way, required constraints. Multi-Garnet extends this by adding sup
   http://citeseer.nj.nec.com/62541.html

Techno-Pulsar  
   Potent new optimization technology for multidimensional optimization practical problems with continuous, breaking nondifferentiative and stochastic goal functions, 100 or more variables, cuts the cost and time to creation of new technical systems.
   http://www.orc.ru/~pulsar/

GUIdeLA: Constraint Language and System for Constructing Graphical User Interfaces  
   Building a user-friendly Graphical User Interface (GUI) with languages like C++ or Java is difficult and time-consuming, because such languages demand specifying many details about the geometric data of layout, the sequence in which items are displayed, t
   http://www.icot.or.jp/ARCHIVE/Museum/FUNDING/97/plan22.html

Constraint-based Languages and Environments for Building Interactive Systems  
   Page about Alan Borning, a leading researcher in the field. From NSF conference ISGW '97: Interactive Systems Grantees Workshop.
   http://cslu.cse.ogi.edu/nsf/isgw97/reports/borning.html

Pascal Van Hentenryck  
   Brown University, US. Some constraint papers.
   http://www.cs.brown.edu/people/pvh/

ICOT Free Software  
   Free constraint software developed by Institute for New Generation Computer Technology (ICOT), Japan: Constraint MGTP (CMGTP) model generation theorem prover (MGTP), MGTP-G, KLIC, some cu-Prologs, and documents. FTP site.
   ftp://ftp.icot.or.jp/ifs/

StarFLIP++  
   Free, reusable iterative optimization library for combinatorial problems with fuzzy constraints. GNU LGPL.
   http://www.dbai.tuwien.ac.at/proj/StarFLIP/

MAC and Combined Heuristics: Two Reasons to Forsake FC (and CBJ?) on Hard Problems  
   ResearchIndex: In the last 20 years, many algorithms and heuristics were developed to find solutions in constraint networks. Their number increased so much that it quickly became vital to compare performance to propose a small number of good methods.
   http://citeseer.nj.nec.com/bessiere96mac.html

DeltaBlue: Benchmarking Java with Richards and DeltaBlue  
   Constraint solver benchmark, in Java; about 1000 lines of code. DeltaBlue first implemented by John Maloney at University of Washington, translated to many languages: C, C++, Java; Smalltalk. [Sun Microsystems Labs]
   http://research.sun.com/people/mario/java_benchmarking/

ThingLabII: Constraint-based user interfaces  
   Supports exploration of constraint-based user interfaces; consists of a set of classes that define constraints and constrainable objects called things. Incremental constraint satisfier, module compiler, construction-set style user interface, many tools, e
   http://www-2.cs.cmu.edu/afs/cs/project/ai-repository/ai/areas/constrnt/systems/thinglab/0.html

Principles and Practice of Constraint Programming  
   Book by Vijay Saraswat and Pascal Van Hentenryck. Description of book, MIT Press: collection of 23 original papers is first effort to assemble the work of constraint programming researchers scattered across the world in multiple disciplines.
   http://www-mitpress.mit.edu/catalog/item/default.asp?ttype=2&tid=8270

Constraint Handling Rules: CHR  
   High-level programming language to write constraint systems; makes it easy to define constraint reasoning: simplification and propagation, and incremental solving (satisfaction) of constraints. Run and test CHR online; do a demo, try it now.
   http://www.informatik.uni-ulm.de/pm/mitarbeiter/fruehwirth/chr-intro.html

Omega Project  
   Frameworks and algorithms for analyzing and transforming scientific programs; 2 major components: the Omega test system to manipulate sets of affine constraints over integer variables; and developing frameworks to analyze and transform programs.
   http://www.cs.umd.edu:80/projects/omega/

Sketchpad: Ivan E. Sutherland  
   Very brief, trivial explanation of the first constraint language, and its author.
   http://www.sun.com/960710/feature3/sketchpad.html

Constraints for the Web  
   Constraints can specify desired layout of web documents, and behavior of embedded applets: 2 system architectures where author and viewer can make layout constraints, needed and optional. Final appearance of page comes from negotiation between author and
   http://www.cs.washington.edu/research/constraints/web/mm97.dir/

A Differential Approach to Graphical Interaction  
   The ad hoc manner in which direct manipulation interfaces have been designed and implemented restricts the types of interactive controls. This dissertation presents a new approach for a systematic method to implement flexible, combinable interactive contr
   http://www.cs.wisc.edu/graphics/Papers/Gleicher/Thesis/

University of London, Royal Holloway: Constraints Group  
   In the Department of Computer Science: descriptions, research, members, publications, links.
   http://www.dcs.rhbnc.ac.uk/research/constraints/

Cassowary  
   Incremental constraint solving toolkit, efficiently solves systems of linear equalities, inequalities. Constraints can be requirements or preferences. Client code specifies constraints to maintain, and the solver updates constrained variables to have valu
   http://www.cs.washington.edu/research/constraints/cassowary/

ThingLab  
   Simulation laboratory: environment to build dynamic models of experiments in geometry, physics: simulations of constrained geometric objects, simple electrical circuits, mechanical linkages, bridges under load. Can use methods developed for these domains
   http://www.cosc.canterbury.ac.nz/~wolfgang/NewHome/cosc414/projects/thinglabFolder/html/thinglab.html

Garnet Toolkit FAQ  
   Frequently Asked Questions about Garnet user interface development environment for Common Lisp and X11 or Macintosh developed by User Interface Software Group, Human-Computer Interaction Institute, Carnegie Mellon University.
   http://www.faqs.org/faqs/garnet-faq/

Garnet: Brad A. Myers  
   Personal page of Garnet inventor and lead researcher. Describes Garnet motives, rationale.
   http://www-2.cs.cmu.edu/~bam/

Seventh International Conference on Principles and Practice of Constraint Programming  
   2001 November 26 - December 1, Paphos, Cyprus.
   http://www2.cs.ucy.ac.cy/~iclpcp01/CP01home.html

Constraints: An International Journal  
   Covering all aspects of computing with constraints; on paper or online, via Kluwer Online; fee required.
   http://ipsapp007.kluweronline.com/ips/frames/error.asp?J=&ET=&UMSG=An+error+occurred+while+trying+to+connect+to+the+database%2E++The+page+you+have+requested+is+unavailable+please+try+back+again+later%2E&DMSG=The+recordset+could+not+be+created+

MAC  
   FTP download, no separate documentation.
   http://www.lirmm.fr/ftp/pub/CSP/

FSQP: Feasible Sequential Quadratic Programming  
   By AEM Design: a source code for minimizing the maximum of a set of smooth objective functions subject to general smooth constraints. Two versions, written in portable: Fortran 77 (FFSQP), standard C (CFSQP). Both are tested and run on most platforms.
   http://www.aemdesign.com/FSQPframe.htm