Social Power and Self Deception  
   Social evolution and social influence: selfishness, deception, self-deception. A scholarly paper by Mario F. Heilmann, University of California at Los Angeles.
   http://www.a3.com/myself/ravenpap.htm

Intentionality detection and "mindreading": Why does game form matter? PNAS -- McCabe et al. 97 (8): 4404  
   By around the age of 4 years, children "can work out what people might know, think or believe" based on what they say or do. This is called "mindreading," which builds upon the human ability to infer the intentions of others.
   http://www.pnas.org/cgi/content/full/97/8/4404

Psychology  
   Frans de Waal claims that psychology is bound to become more Darwinian.
   http://www.apa.org/monitor/apr01/darwin.html

The adaptive nature of the human neurocognitive architecture: An alternative model PNAS -- Cerra and Bingham 95 (19): 11290  
   The model of the human neurocognitive architecture proposed by evolutionary psychologists is based on the presumption that the demands of hunter-gatherer life generated a vast array of cognitive adaptations. Here we present an alternative model.
   http://www.pnas.org/cgi/content/full/95/19/11290

A bottom-up approach with a clear view of the top  
   Online paper by G. F. Miller and P. M. Todd.
   http://www-abc.mpib-berlin.mpg.de/users/ptodd/publications/94revevpsy/94revevpsya.htm

Animal cognition and animal minds  
   A paper by Colin Allen.
   http://grimpeur.tamu.edu/~colin/Papers/konstanz.html

Evolutionary Ethics and Biologically Supportable Morality  
   A paper by Michael Byron.
   http://www.bu.edu/wcp/Papers/TEth/TEthByro.htm

Evolutionary naturalism, theism, and skepticism about the external world  
   Online paper by J. Wesley Robbins.
   http://www.iusb.edu/~wrobbins/Essays/contraplantinga.html

Evolution, Teleology, Intentionality  
   Online paper by Daniel Dennett.
   http://ase.tufts.edu/cogstud/papers/evoltele.htm

Darwin on the Evolution of Morality  
   Paper presented for the session on the 19th century biology, International Fellows Conference (Center for Philosophy of Science, Univ. of Pittsburgh), May 20-24, Castiglioncello, Italy by Soshichi Uchii, Kyoto University.
   http://www.bun.kyoto-u.ac.jp/~suchii/D.onM.html

Individualism and Evolutionary Psychology  
   Online paper by David Buller.
   http://cogprints.soton.ac.uk/documents/disk0/00/00/03/28/cog00000328-00/indy&ep.htm

The Functions of Postpartum Depression  
   An online paper by Edward Hagen.
   http://www.anth.ucsb.edu/faculty/hagen/working.html

Memes and the Exploitation of Imagination  
   Online paper by Daniel Dennett.
   http://ase.tufts.edu/cogstud/papers/memeimag.htm

Is There a Normal Phase of Synaesthesia in Development?  
   A paper in Psyche by Simon Baron-Cohen.
   http://psyche.cs.monash.edu.au/v2/psyche-2-27-baron_cohen.html

Functional Origins of Religious Concepts  
   This is a profound essay on the role of religion from an evolutionary perspective. Pascal Boyer, the author, is one of the rising stars in evolutionary theory in the social sciences.
   http://www.sscnet.ucla.edu/anthro/bec/papers/boyer_religious_concepts.htm

Evolutionary theory and the psychology of eating  
   Online paper by A. W. Logue.
   http://darwin.baruch.cuny.edu/faculty/LogueA.html

Animal Soul  
   A history of the idea and a critique of reductionism. It appeared in Paul Edwards, ed., 'The Encyclopedia of Philosophy'. N.Y.: Macmillan and London: Collier-Macmillan, 1967, Vol. 1, pp. 122-27.
   http://www.human-nature.com/rmyoung/papers/paper59.html

Association of Ideas  
   This essay appeared in Philip P. Wiener, ed., 'Dictionary of the History of Ideas'. N.Y.: Scribner's, 1968, vol. 1, pp. 111-18.
   http://www.human-nature.com/rmyoung/papers/paper58.html

Darwin and the Genre of Biography  
   Published in G. Levine, ed., 'One Culture: Essays in Science and Literature'. Madison: University of Wisconsin Press, 1987, pp. 203-24.
   http://www.human-nature.com/rmyoung/papers/paper48.html

Darwin: Man and Metaphor  
   This is the text of a television documentary in the series 'Late Great Victorians', BBC1, 1988. It was also published in Science as Culture no. 5: 71-86, 1989.
   http://www.human-nature.com/rmyoung/papers/paper7.html

Darwinism is Social  
   This essay appeared on David Kohn, ed., 'The Darwinian Heritage'. Princeton and Nova Pacifica, 1985, pp. 609-638.
   http://www.human-nature.com/rmyoung/papers/paper60.html

Darwin, Marx, Freud and the Foundations of the Human Sciences  
   This is a talk on the grand view of the human sciences, presented to CHEIRON, the European Society for the History of the Behavioural Sciences and reprinted in its Newsletter, Spring 1988, pp. 7-12.
   http://www.human-nature.com/rmyoung/papers/paper9.html

Darwinism and the Division of Labour  
   The founding conference of the British Society for the Social Responsibility in Science in November 1970, was on the theme, 'The Social Impact of Modern Biology'. The conference was attended by a number of eminent scientists, e.g., Nobel Laureates James W
   http://www.human-nature.com/rmyoung/papers/pap109.html

Darwin's Metaphor and the Philosophy of Science  
   This was first presented to the Piaget Seminar, University of Geneva, about 1986 and published in Science as Culture (no. 16) 3: 375-403, 1993. It draws out the philosophical implications of 'Darwin's Metaphor' (Cambridge, 1985), in particular, the role o
   http://www.human-nature.com/rmyoung/papers/paper8.html

The Development of Herbert Spencer's Concept of Evolution  
   A paper delivered to the Eleventh International Congress of the History of Science, Warsaw, August 1965 and published in Actes du Xle Congres International d'Histoire des Sciences Warsaw: Ossolineum, 1967, vol. 2, pp. 273-78.
   http://www.human-nature.com/rmyoung/papers/spencer.html

Evolutionary Biology and Ideology: Then and Now  
   A paper contributed to a conference on 'The Social Impact of Modern Biology'. It appeared in Science Studies 1: 177-296, 1971.
   http://www.human-nature.com/rmyoung/papers/paper38.html

The Functions of the Brain: Gall to Ferrier (1808-1886)  
   An online paper on mind, brain, and adaptation in the nineteenth century. It was published in Isis 59: 251-68, 1968.
   http://www.human-nature.com/rmyoung/papers/func.html

The Naturalization of Value Systems in the Human Sciences  
   This essay first appeared as an Open University Course Unit for 'Science and Belief: from Darwin to Einstein', Block VI: Problems in the Biological and Human Sciences. Milton Keynes: Open University Press, 1981, pp. 63-110.
   http://www.human-nature.com/rmyoung/papers/paper45.html

An Evolutionary Hypothesis For Obsessive Compulsive Disorder  
   Abed, Riadh T and de Pauw, Karel W (1999) An Evolutionary Hypothesis for Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder: A Psychological Immune System?. Behavioural Neurology 11:245-250.
   http://cogprints.soton.ac.uk/documents/disk0/00/00/11/47/cog00001147-00/ocd-final.htm

In Favor of Animal Consciousness  
   An excerpt from Animal Minds: Beyond Cognition to Consciousness by Donald R. Griffin, the creator of the field of cognitive ethology.
   http://www.press.uchicago.edu/Misc/Chicago/308650.html

Behavior and the General Evolutionary Process  
   Paper by William Baum.
   http://cogprints.soton.ac.uk/documents/disk0/00/00/10/51/cog00001051-00/Behavior_and_the_General_Evolutionary_Process.htm

Behavioral inferences from the Skhul/Qafzeh early modern human hand remains  
   These results support the inference of significant behavioral differences between Neanderthals and the Skhul/Qafzeh hominids and indicate that a significant shift in human manipulative behaviors was associated with the earliest stages of the emergence of
   http://www.pnas.org/cgi/content/full/041588898v1

Assault on Evolution  
   Larry Arnhart on the activities of "intelligent design theorists".
   http://www.salon.com/books/feature/2001/02/28/idt/index.html

Herbert Spencer and Inevitable Progress  
   Spencer is so grandiose that it is hard to summarize his ideas, yet he was one of the most influential thinkers in nineteenth-century Britain, and his ideas were an inspiration around the world. His version of evolution was utterly generalised in all the
   http://www.human-nature.com/rmyoung/papers/paper84.html

The Darwin Debate  
   This essay appeared in Marxism Today 26 (no.4), April 1982, pp. 20-22.
   http://www.human-nature.com/rmyoung/papers/paper83.html

How Stephen Jay Gould is wrong about evolution  
   In The Boston Review, John Alcock, professor of biology at Arizona State University, provides a detailed look at Gould's approach to adaptationism.
   http://bostonreview.mit.edu/BR25.2/alcock.html

How Hardwired Is Human Behavior?  
   Abstract and electronic delivery of Nigel Nicholson's paper in the Harvard Business Review.
   http://www.hbsp.harvard.edu/products/hbr/julaug98/98406.html

Genes, culture and human freedom  
   Like every other organism, humans are shaped by both nature and nurture. But unlike any other organism, we are defined by our ability to transcend both. Article by Kenan Malik.
   http://www.spiked-online.com/Articles/00000000552D.htm

The (Im)moral Animal  
   A controversial outline of evolutionary psychology by Frank Miele of Skeptic Magazine.
   http://www.skeptic.com/04.1.miele-immoral.html

Humans and Other Animals  
   How much do we share with the birds of the air and the beasts of the field? Article by John Wilson at Christianity Today.
   http://www.christianitytoday.com/ct/2000/135/11.0.html

The Human Limits of Nature  
   'The Limits of Human Nature' was the title of the London Institute of Contemporary Arts winter lecture series for 1971-72. The distinguished group of contributors, included Alan Ryan, Arthur Koestler, David Bohm, Raymond Williams and John Maynard Smith. T
   http://www.human-nature.com/rmyoung/papers/paper43.html

Malthus on Man - In Animals no Moral Restraint  
   A paper was presented to a conference on 'Malthus, Medicine and Science' organised by Roy Porter at the Wellcome Institute, London, on 20 March 1998.
   http://www.human-nature.com/rmyoung/papers/pap107.html

What if Human Nature Is Historical  
   This essay moves from pure ideology about changing human nature to using biofeedback as a transitional topic to spelling out the desiderata for treating human nature as a historical project.
   http://www.human-nature.com/rmyoung/papers/paper61.html

Get Real  
   Daniel Dennett responds to his critics.
   http://ase.tufts.edu/cogstud/papers/getreal.htm

Sociobiology Sanitized: The Evolutionary Psychology and Genic Selectionism Debates  
   Socio-political overview of the circumstances leading to the development of Evolutionary Psychology as distinct from Sociobiology, by Val Dusek. This web page is associated with the Science-as-Culture mailing list and journal.
   http://human-nature.com/science-as-culture/dusek.html

Menarche  
   Any decrease in average menarcheal age during the past 20-30 years has been small (almost certainly less than six months), particularly when compared with the reduction of a year or more that occurred in many European countries between the late 19th and m
   http://bmj.com/cgi/content/full/322/7294/1095

Why we're all getting brighter  
   Dumbing down? Don't believe it. Scientists have proved we are smarter now than ever before, largely because we watch TV, surf the net, and spend hours chatting to friends.
   http://www.guardian.co.uk/Archive/Article/0,4273,4173806,00.html

Humans-Who Are We? - Official Web Site  
   Humans are brimming with unique traits that do not fit the animal mold - according to the Jehovah's Witnesses.
   http://www.watchtower.org/library/g/1998/6/22/article_01.htm

It's only natural - Red Pepper archive  
   The bioglogical differences between men and women are no threat to feminism, says Helena Cronin.
   http://www.redpepper.org.uk/cularch/xcronin.html

Scholarship and the History of the Behavioural Sciences  
   A paper that first appeared in History of Science 2: 1-51, 1966.
   http://www.human-nature.com/rmyoung/papers/paper57.html

Evolution, Biology and Psychology from a Marxist Point of View  
   This article is largely historical, but the issues remain timely.
   http://www.human-nature.com/rmyoung/papers/paper46.html

Prediction and Accommodation in Evolutionary Psychology  
   Ketelaar and Ellis have provided a remarkably clear and succinct statement of Lakatosian philosophy of science and have also argued compellingly that evolutionary theory fills the Lakatosian criteria of a progressivity.
   http://philosophy.wisc.edu/forster/papers/Lakatos.htm

The Meanings of Darwinism: Then and Now?  
   Charles Darwin grew up in Shrewsbury, Shropshire and attended Shrewsbury School for seven years. The school held a Millennium Conference on 'Darwinism and Ethics for the Next Millennium' on 16 October 1999. Papers were given by Mary Midgley, Matt Ridley,
   http://www.human-nature.com/rmyoung/papers/pap124.html

"The Mind as the Software of the Brain" by Ned Block  
   Cognitive scientists often say that the mind is the software of the brain. This chapter is about what this claim means.
   http://www.nyu.edu/gsas/dept/philo/faculty/block/papers/msb.html

Bottlenose dolphins and theory of mind  
   Bottlenose dolphins can recognize themselves in a mirror, an advanced intellectual ability observed previously only in humans and apes.
   http://www.pnas.org/cgi/content/abstract/101086398v1

The Genetic Archaeology of Race | Olson  
   The study of human genetic variation has become the most contentious area in modern science. A detailed article by Steve Olson.
   http://www.theatlantic.com/issues/2001/04/olson-p1.htm

Fear makes worms turn friendly  
   A single gene influences the social behaviour of worms.
   http://www.nature.com/nsu/010503/010503-1.html

Teenage boys are embracing fatherhood  
   Scientists have found that boys aged between 11 and 14 unconsciously change the way they cradle babies, a sign of their emerging parental instincts.
   http://www.telegraph.co.uk/et?ac=001652968606417&rtmo=fsDMwl3s&atmo=99999999&pg=/et/01/4/26/ecnurt26.html

Genetics  
   The British Medical Journal publishes a special edition "putting genetics into perspective".
   http://bmj.com/cgi/content/full/322/7293/1005

Ancestors  
   Meave Leakey discusses her team's recent skull find suggesting a new human ancestor.
   http://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2001/04/0417_leakeyinterview.html

Gene-Trapping Method Powers Discovery of New Brain-Wiring Signals  
   Marc Tessier-Lavigne and William C. Skarnes unveil a technique that "enables scientists to identify new genes and to determine which genes are responsible for defects in brain wiring that are observed during development".
   http://www.hhmi.org/news/tessier4.html

Ring-breaker drives dove love  
   Leonida Fusani and colleagues discover the role of aromatase in courtship behaviour.
   http://www.nature.com/nsu/010503/010503-2.html

Domestication  
   DNA is revealing that taming animals was not a simple process.
   http://www.economist.com/science/displayStory.cfm?Story_ID=587270

Exorcising the Homunculus: There's No One Behind the Curtain  
   The traditional view of the will as a kind of little man in your head needs to be replaced by a detailed account of how neural tissue gives rise to controlled behavior.
   http://www.secularhumanism.org/library/fi/noelle_21_2.html

Chimps touched by television  
   Chimpanzees are moved by fearful or appealing television scenes.
   http://www.nature.com/nsu/010419/010419-2.html

Men fish for compliments  
   The menfolk of the Meriam, a people who live on islands off the northeast tip of Australia, spend their time spear-fishing and turtle-hunting, but are they really fishing for compliments?
   http://www.nature.com/nsu/010412/010412-1.html

Reproductive greontology  
   The relationship between aging and the risk of producing offspring with gene-influenced illnesses.
   http://www.guardian.co.uk/Archive/Article/0,4273,4170048,00.html

Sport and genetics  
   Stephen Jay Gould and Kipchoge Keino on why athletic achievement isn't in the genes.
   http://news.bmn.com/news/story?day=010410&story=3

IQ and longevity  
   Results of an intelligence test, given to all 11-year olds attending Aberdeen schools in 1932, were used to determine survival up to 76 years. Of 2,230 subjects traced, those who died before 1 January 1997 had a significantly lower IQ at age 11 years than
   http://bmj.com/cgi/content/full/322/7290/871/a

Why do we adapt? The answer's in your genes  
   Richard Dawkins discusses 'selfish genes'.
   http://www.independent.co.uk/story.jsp?story=59270

Psychological brain damage  
   Martin Teicher and colleagues report four types of brain damage caused by psychological abuse.
   http://www.psych.org/pnews/01-03-02/abuse.html

Swanson et al. 98 (5): 2509  
   A new study by Willie J. Swanson and colleagues provides evidence of sperm competition and sexual conflict.
   http://www.pnas.org/cgi/content/abstract/98/5/2509

Unconscious  
   Philip Wong and Howard Shevrin have uncovered neurobiological evidence for the human unconscious state.
   http://www.psych.org/pnews/01-03-02/brain.html

The sweet smell of the immune system  
   Manfred Milinski and Claus Wedekind find evidence for the hypothesis that "perfumes are selected "for s