A Constructivist Approach to the Problem of Induction  
   Article by Olaf Diettrich which appeared in Evolution and Cognition in 1995.
   http://www.univie.ac.at/cognition/people/diettrich/induction.html

The Problem of Induction  
   Essay by Karl Popper, arguing that there is no such thing as inductive inference.
   http://dieoff.org/page126.htm

Conjectures  
   PhD thesis of Peter Flach, investigating the `logic of induction' from philosophical and machine-learning perspectives.
   http://www.cs.bris.ac.uk/~flach/Conjectures/

Mathematical Induction  
   Lecture notes by Peter Suber, explaining the difference between inductive inference and mathematical induction (which is a species of deductive inference).
   http://www.earlham.edu/~peters/courses/logsys/math-ind.htm

Confirmation Theory  
   Article by Michael Huemer defending inductive inference against Hume's argument by appeal to `inference to the best explanation', contrasting his approach to those of Goodman and Hempel.
   http://home.sprynet.com/~owl1/confirma.htm